Electromagnet.



A. A. ZIEGLER.

ELECIROMAGNET.

APPLICAHON min 0m21.190s. RENiwED MAR. 29. |918.

1,268,2O. lalfvntvd J un@ 4, 1918.

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APPLICAHUN FILED DEC-2. 1909. HENEWEU MAR, 29. 19H1. 1,268,200, Patented June 4, 1918.

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ALFRED A. ZIEGLER, 0F BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOB TO UNITED ELECTRIC APPARATUS COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION 0F MASSA- CHUSETTS.

ELECTBOMAGNET.

Specioation of Letters Patent.

Patented June 4, 1918.

Original applicatin med September 14, 1908, Serial No. 452,946. Divided and this application med December 27, 1909, Serial No. 534,982. Renewed Hatch 28, 1918. Serial No. 225,583.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALI-RFD A. ZIEGLER, of Boston, county of Suolk, State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Electromagnets, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to electro-magnets and is a division ofV my application Serial No. 452,846, filed September 14, 1908, and has for its ob'ect to construct: an electromagnet especia ly adapted for use in relays em loyed for railway signalin urpcses.

he invention has for its o )ect an improved construction of support for the magnet-coils, which is made as a. bracket, adapted to be removably supported upon a backboard; also improved means for protecting the magneocoils and for holding them in position on the cores; also connections for the magnet-wires arranged between the coils, whereby either coil ma be separately connected in circuit to t e exclusion of the other; also an improved support for the armature whereby 1t may move in an arc of large radius; also an improved adjustable means for limiting the movement of the armature; also the employment of a glass globe to protect the movmg parts and im roved means for supporting said globe; a so the employment of a glass globe for protecting the magnet-coils.

Figure 1 is a front elevation of an electromagnet embodying this invention.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the electromagnet shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the bridge at the upper ends of the magnet-coils.

Fig. 4 is a detail of the amature-carrying-plate.

Fig. 5 is a sectional detail of one ofthe pivot-supports for the armature-carryinglate.

p Figs. 6 and 7 are details of one ofthe pivot-supports for the armature-carrying-V plate and the pole-piece which is connected to the core of the magnet.

Figs. 8 and 9 are modified details ofthe plivot-support for the armature-carryingp ate.

Fig. 10 is a plan view of a portion of the supportingbracket for the magnet.

Fig. 11 is a view illustrating modified in eans for holding the connecting magnetwires.

Fig. 12 is a sectional detail of the magnetsupport. e

Fig; 13 is a view showing means for holding t e magnet-coils in position.

Fig. 14 is a sectional detail of the base of the supporting-bracket, showing the connection of the glass lglobe therewith.

Fig. 15, is a front view of the electromagnet having glass globes both above and below the base.

Figs. 16 and 1T are modied forms of the inclosing-case for the moving parts of the electro-magnet.

a represents the base of a sup ortingbracket, and a the upright thereo? which rises from one edge, as for vinstance from the rear edge of the base, and, as here shown, extends from side to side thereof. The base may be hinged to the upright, as shown in Fig. 2, or formed integral therewith, as shown in Figs. 10 and 15. The upri ht a has keyhole or other shaped slots a2 ai, ted to receive headed-studs a, projecting rom the face of a back-board a, said slots and studs permittin the bracket to be easily and quickly applie to and removed from the back-board.

The upright a is recessed at its rear side, see Fig. 10, to rovide spaces between it and the backlboar which extend from top to bottom of the bracket, to receive the electricwires, it being herein shown as having two vertical recesses c5, a", arranged a. short distance apart. The intermediate portion between said recesses has a downwardly extended portion a, see Fig. 2.

The magnet-coils b are arranged on top of the base a, and the cores b thereof are extended throu h holes in said base, see Fig. 6, and preferaly project a short distance below it, and to the projectin ends of said cor, le-pieces b2 are rive or otherwise secur see Fig. 9, ysaid projectin ends of the cores` being preferably shoul ered and the reduced portions thereof extended through holes in the pole-pieces. Said polepieces are made as fiat plates; secured to the under side of the base a, by screws or otherwise. The l'nagnet-cores are thus rigidly secured to the base. The pole-pieces b2 may be formed integral with the cores. if desired, as shown in Fig. 9. The magnet-coils b are removably placed on the cores b', so that other coils may be substituted therefor of the same or of different resistance and the exchange quickly and easily made. These coils are wound on spools of insulating material, see Fig. 12, comprising tubes if* having heads bf, said tubes being adapted to tit upon the cores. The coils are or may be covered with rubber shields bf to protect them from harm. A plate b having springacting end portions b?, b, is attached to the under side of the back-piece c, its end portions engaging the ends of the shields and actingby pressure thereupon to press the magnet-spools down upon the base and prevent them from sliding up and down. Said plate also has downwardly extended pro- ]ections DE, see Fig. 13, which enter holes in the ends of the shields and prevent said shields and the magnet-coils therein from. turning and thereby straining upon the electric-wire connections. The back piece or heel-piece c of the magnet is attached to the upper ends of the cores b by bolts or oth erwise, and a, bridge c is attached to said back-piece by screws or otherwise. The back-piece is extended at each end a short distance beyond the coils to provide for the attaclunent thereto of the bridge, so that a long bridge may be employed. The bridgec' has at each end a short arm c'-, extended rearwardly, by which it is attached to the back-piece. so that the main portion of the bridge will be oset or caused to pro'ect forward with respect to the magnet-coils. The bridge c also has at each end an arm c3, extended forwardly, and said arms respectively support two binding-posts for the magnet-wires c, and the leadingin wires e5. These binding-posts may be of any suitable construction, so far as my present invention is concerned, but the particular form herein shown forms the subject-matter of my divisional application for Letters Patent Serial No. 535,432, filed December 29, 1909.

The brid e is formed or provided with a flat surfaced portion at or near its middle to which an indicating-plate e may be detachably secured. This plate may have marked thereon the resistance of the relay.

The bridge also has secured toit, along its middle, a block e of insulating material to which is secured a metal plate e, bearing two binding-posts e", e", of any suitable construction, and the inside wires or connecting magnet-wires e, e, which lead respectively from the two magnet-coils are connected respectively to said binding-posts. The inside magnet-wires e* are each made long enough to be connected to the binding-posts rl of the bridge, so that in case either magnet-coil should become disabled it may be removed and the remaining coil connected in circuit for use. As it sometimes happens that one coil only is disabled, provision for using the other coil is important. Providing two binding-posts es, e3. one for each inside magnet-wire c4. permits either wire to be separately' disconnected, but in lieu thereof a single binding-post may be employed tc which both inside magnet-wires are connected, as shown in Fig. 11.

The armature f is arranged on the under side of the base a. of the supporting-bracket. It is secured to the upper side of a plate f by an insulated support f2, or otherwise, and said armature-carrying-plate f has at or near each end, at its rear edge. an ear f3 which extends rearwardly and upwardly and bears a pivot-screw j, the conical end of which engages an adjusting-screw f5, see Figs. 4 and 5, which is formed with a socketed end to receive the end of the pivot-screw f4, so that the armature-carrying-plate is pivotally supported. The ad'usting-screws f, which serve as bearings Jier the pivotscrews, are contained each in a sleeve f5", and said sleeves are tightly held by being clamped in split-lugs f", formed or arranged on the under side of the base a, the upper and under parts of which are connected together adjustably by screws f". By arranging the pivot at the rear edge of the armaturecarryingplate, said plate and armature borne by it are adapted fo move in an arc of considerable radius and. by extending said ears upwardly a short distance the enga ng-face of the armature can be dispose in line with the centers of the pivots. The split lugs f may be formed integral with the base a, as shown in Fig. 8, or integral with the pole-pieces b2, as shown in igs. 6 and 7, or integral with the poicpieces and cores, as shown in Fig. 9. The armature-carrying-plate f has extended from it, in a forward direction, an extension or arm fs, which occupies a position between two adjusting-screws f, fm, preferably having insulated points, said screws limitin the movement of said plate in opposite irections. The adjusting-screw f is screwed into the base a, and the adjustingscrew f1 extends through a cross-piece f, secured by screws or otherwise to post f. which are arranged on the under side of the base a, and extend downwardly a short distance.

The electro-magnet thus shown is especially arranged to be disposed with the base of its supporting-bracket in a horizontal plane, but 1t is obvious that it may be otherwise disposed.

All of the movable parts are or may be inclosed in a glass or other globe m, which is fitted against the under side of the base a, and for the purpose of providin a. tight joint a groove isy formed in said ase, see Fig. 14, in which is placed a rubber gasket un', and the edge of the globe engages said gasket. A rib may be arran ed at the bottom of said groove against w ich the gasket is pressed.

As here shown, a post m2 extends downward from the -cross-bar f"', and through a hole. in said globe, and the end of said post is threaded and receives upon it a nut ma, by which the globe is securely held in place.

A sealing-wire m may be fastened to the extremity of the post, outside of the nut, to prevent the removal of the nut and also of the globe, thereby obviating the liability of the moving parts being tampered with.

The movinU parts are thus contained in :l substantiay water-tight compartment and will not be affected by the elements when exposed to the weather, thus especially fitting the electro-magnet for use in a relay adapted for out-of-door service.

Before sealing the globe the device may be tested anda test-tag secured thereto, in some conspicuous place, within the globe, so that when sealed the fact that it has been tested and the name of the tester may be indicated.

In lieu of securin the globe to the base by a single-screw, ot er means may -be employed. In lieu of a globe a skeleton-frame may be constructed, see Fi 16 and 17, wherein n represents a meta lic-ring which is secured to the under side of the base a, b" posts n', and the space between said ring and the base closed by a glass cylinder if, and a circular door na, having a glass face may be arranged upon or otherwise secured to said ring.

If it is desired to inclose the ma et-coil itself, a glass globe of the form s own in Fig. 15, may be employed, wherein it Will be seen that a globe o is arranged on trip of the vbase a, and the bindin posts d, to which the leading-in wires or the magnet are connected are arranged on said base in front of the magnet-coils.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as newand desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In an electro-magnet, a base, ma et cores extending from and secured at t elr lower endsto the base, magnet coils 1nrluding spools on which the coils are wound removably arranged on said cores beyond the base, means engaging the cores for normally holding the coils against removal from the cores, a bridge carried bysaid means and having binding posts for respectively receiving the leading-in wires, the

magnet wires, and the connecting wires for the coils, said connections being sh'iftable of either coil without inter ering with the operation of the relay.

2. In an electro-magnet, a base, ma et cores extending from and secured at t eir lower endsto the base, magnet coils removably` arranged on the cores, a back-piece removably engaging 'the cores beyond the coils and preventing removal of the coils a bridge carried by the back ie'oe, an binding posts carried `by the bri ge Afor receiving the leading-in wires, the magnet wires, and the connecting wires for the coils, the arrangement of the connections permittin their being shifted to cut out either coi the back-piece and connected parts bein movable as a unit to permit removal of eit er coil without interfering with the operation of the relay.

3. In anelectro-Inagnet, a base, ma et cores extending from and secured at t cir lower ends to the base, magnet coils removably arranged on the cores, a back-piece removably engaging the cores beyond the coils and securin the coils against removal, a bridge carried 'by the back-piece, binding posts carried by the bridge for receiving the leading-in wires, the magnet wires, and connecting wires for the coils, and means whereby the connecting wire from either coil may be. disconnected from the connecting wire of the other coil and connected to the binding post of'such-other coil to thereby cut out such `other coil, the backiece and all connected parts being movab e as a whole to permit removal of either coil at will without .interrupting theV function of the other coil.

4. In an electro-ma et, a horizontally arranged base having oles throughit, 'upright magnet-c`ores xedly connected with the base, the lower ends of whicli project through the holes therein, enlarged polepieces on the lower endsof said cores below the base,`removable magnet-coils arranged on said u ri ht cores' which rest on the base, a bac -pieceattached to the upper ends of said cores above the coils, andmeans connected with said back-piece and arranged to exert a downward pressure on said coils to hold them in osition on'the base. substantially asV described;

5. In an electro-magnet,l a base having holes through it, magnet-cores having theirlower ends extended through the holes in said base, enlarged pole-pieces on the` ends of said core below the base, means to ixedly connect the lower ends of said cores to the base, with the ole-pieces in engagement with the under side of the base, removable magnet-coils arranged on said cores which rest on the top of the base, and removable llt means` engaging said coils for holding them in `position on the base. substantially as llescl'ibctl.

(i. ln an electro-magnet. a stationarily supported pair of magnet-cores, magnetcoils removably placed thereon. a backpiecc connected to said cores, and a springplate interposed betiveen said back-piece and coils for holding said coils in place, A-iibstantiall v as described.

'i'. Iii an electro-magnet, a stationarily supported pair of magnet-cores7 magnetcoils removably placed thereon, hollow shields removably placed on said coils.v a back-piececonnected to said cores, and a spring-plate attached to the niider side of lsaid back-piece, the ends of which bear upon the ends of said shields, and act to hold said shields and the coils'inclosed thereby. in place. substantially as described.

8. In' an electro-magnet. a stationarily supported pair of magnet-cores. magnetcoils removably placed 'therqnn vhollow .shields removably placed on said coils av back-piece connectedv to said cores, an a spring-plate attached to the `under side of said back-piece, the ends of which bear upon the ends of said shields, and act to` hold said 'shields and the coils inclosed thereby, in place. said spring-plate having means to engage'said shields toprevent same from turning. substantially as described.

9. In an electro-magnet, a stationariy supported pair of magnets having a backpiece,Y a bridge having rearwardly extended arins engaging said back-piece. and bindingposts supported b v said bridge to which the magnet-wires and leading-in Wires are at tached. substantially as described.

'10. In an electro-magnet, a sta'tionarilyn support-ed pair of magnets having a backpieee, a bridge having rearwardly extended arms engagin said back-piece, and also havngforwar ly extended arms, and bnding-posts arranged on said forwardl)r cxtended arms to which themagnet-wires and leading-in wires are attached, 'snbstantiallv as described. l

11. -In 'an electro-magnet, a pair of magnets having a back-piece, a bridge attached to said back-piece, p binding-posts V supported by said bridge to which the magnet-wires and leading-m. wiresare respectively conneeted. connecting-wires between the coilslof the magnets, a metallic supportpon said bridge.- and means thereon to detachably engage the ends of said connecting-wires and electrically connect them together, sub- 12. In an electro-magnet, a. pair of magnets havin a back-piece, abridgeattached to said bac -piece, binding-posts supported b v said bridge to which' the ma etz-wires and leading-in wires are respectively con- Atended upwardly from the rear partof said plate. at opposite ends thereof, for the pivots, pivotal connections for the plate. and adjustable clamping and Vholding members for said pivotal connectionsl which are arranged oii the base.

14. In an electro-magnet means to pivotally support the armature. consisting of a supporting plate for said armature. pivotscrew-s projecting fromsaid plate. adjusting-screws having .Socke-ted ends which receive the aforesaid pivot-screws. externallythreaded sleeves arranged on the base havin internally-threaded sockets to receive said adjusting-screws. substantiall i as dcscribed. '.r .l

15. support for an 'electro-magnet consist-ing of a bracket comprising a vbase adapt- .ed to support the magnets on its appel-side. andan armature on its under sitle,s:iid base `having an upright rising from its` rearedge adapted'for detachable connection `vvitli a .back-board.'v and having on its under side a .packing-rin a globe arranged at the under side of thease inelosing the armature, the edge of, whichV engages said packing-ring, said globe having a center-hole, a post connected with the base and extended through the center-hole in said globe, and having a 4screw-threaded end with a uut' arranged ythereon ,which holds the, globe infirm en-, ga ement with the packing-ring, substantia ly 4as described. n i a I 1G. "A suport for an electro-magnet consisting of a racket comprising a base adaptedu to support the magnets oir one side thereof, and the armature on theopposites'ide thereof, having an u right rising from it, and a transparent glo e. arranged at said opposite sidepf the base inclosing the armature, comiprismg a bottom" Walll and upright side WallsyandA having a center-holds post connected with the base which extends through said hole, andineans' arranged on said post land/enga ging the' globeffor4 holding the globe in' place.v substantially as described.

1 A support for. an electro-magnet consisting of a bracket comprising a base adapted to'support the magnets on one side thereof, and thearniature'- on the opposite side thereof, having anfiip'right rising from it, a. transparent'glbe arranged at the under side of said baseinclosing the" armature, a frame on said base, a. center-support for said globe connected with said frame, having a screw-threaded end, and a nut on said center-support for holding the globe in place, substantially as described.

18. A support for an electromagnet consisting of a bracket comprising a base adapted to support the magnets on one side thereof, and the amature on the opposite side thereof, having an upright rising from it, a, transparent globe arran at said opposite side of the base incloslng the amature, a center-support for said globe, a cross-bar bearing said center-support which bridges the amature, and means for detachably connecting the globe with said center-support, 15 substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALFRED A. ZIEGLER. Witnesses:

B. J. Norms, H. B. DAvxs.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ive cents nach, by addrening the commissioner o! Patenti,

wuhmgun, n. c." 

